会议时间：2018年3月21-23日
会议地点：柬埔寨 · 暹粒
演讲嘉宾：Nguyen Trong Kien, Vietnam National University of Forestry

摘要：The Nguyen dynasty has brought to Vietnam a great cultural legacy including material and non-material heritage for 143 years of existence. The Woodblocks for printing of Nguyen Dynasty have been recognized as a World Documentary Heritage in 2009. They are wooden boards that have been carved negatively on the texture, used for printing books. This heritage helped to record official literature and history as well as classic and historical books of Vietnam. Apart from their historical value, the woodblocks also have artistic and technical merit as they mark the development of printing profession in Viet Nam. However, over hundreds of years, under the influence of environment and human factors, a large number of Nguyen dynasty woodblocks for printing are suffering damages, such as bent, warps, cracks, fracturs, termites, decayed and the character-engraved sides are dust-covered, encrusted with ink. This paper presents the conservative situation of woodblocks for printing of Vietnam Nguyen dynasty and some technological solutions to restore them.

The average size of woodblock is 43cm x 27cm, 2-4 cm thick, weighs about 300-400g. However, some woodblocks are larger (120cm x 60cm) and heavier. Most of the woodblocks for printing were made of thi (diospyros decandra) wood and nha dong (or long mat) tree. These kinds of wood are especially good for preserving the shape of the carvings.

The collected data showed that the number of broken woodblocks is about 6.74% of the woodblocks, the number of cracked woodblocks for printing is about 7,22% and the number of bent woodblocks is about 9,62%.

To restore cracked woodblocks for printing, using only glue to connect for cracks smaller than 2mm in width or using glue combined with filler to fill for cracks larger than 2mm in width. For bigger cracks along the sample (most of this types of cracking), at the two ends of the woodblock, fixed connection bar has been used to reduce cracking and glue combined with filler have been used to fill cracking on the texture. To restore broken woodblocks, for split woodblocks whose structure of grain is not affected much, using bamboo tenon to conect broken chips boards combine with a special adhesive to restore them. In the process of repairing the crack it should depend on the crack split and the physical state of each block to have reasonable solutions to ensure the break restriction and safety for the woodblocks for printing.